The Bill of Rights
Amendment I
Amendment II
Amendment III
Amendment IV
Amendment V
Amendment VI
Amendment VII
Amendment VIII
Amendment IX*
Amendment X*
Amendment I
- Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
Amendment II
- A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
Amendment III
- No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Amendment IV
- The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Amendment V
- No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Amendment VI
- In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
Amendment VII
- In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Amendment VIII
- Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Amendment IX*
- The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Amendment X*
- The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
Specific Mention
9th Amendment
"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." The Ninth Amendment was added to the Constitution in order to protect the natural rights – the rights the Founders of the Constitution believed all people were born with as a gift of God or nature – that were not specifically mentioned in the other eight amendments, in order to give validity to rights that might have been considered less important otherwise.
10th Amendment
Part of the Bill of Rights that reiterates that powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the state or to the people. When the Constitution was originally written, the Bill of Rights and the freedoms and rights under them were not included or protected by the Federal government. The Bill of Rights was formed to limit the Federal government's power, and the Tenth Amendment is important in that it further limited the powers of the Federal government to those explicitly listed in the Constitution, and placing the remaining powers in the hands of the States or to the people. It emphases the limited nature of the powers of the national government, while promoting liberty through decentralization by placing more people closer to the people's reach (state governors, mayors).
Court Case: District Of Columbia v. Heller (2008) - DC had laws banning handguns in the actual District and required trigger locks on all firearms, Supreme Court interpreted that guns were to be used for self-defense and evidence shows that the best choice for a gun for self-defense is a handgun. Because of this DC violates the Second Amendment in this sense. The trigger lock prevents the user from using the gun if they are ever in need of it, thus defeating the purpose of a self-defense weapon. The court struck down DC’s laws against handguns and trigger locks.
Review
9th Amendment
"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." The Ninth Amendment was added to the Constitution in order to protect the natural rights – the rights the Founders of the Constitution believed all people were born with as a gift of God or nature – that were not specifically mentioned in the other eight amendments, in order to give validity to rights that might have been considered less important otherwise.
10th Amendment
Part of the Bill of Rights that reiterates that powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the state or to the people. When the Constitution was originally written, the Bill of Rights and the freedoms and rights under them were not included or protected by the Federal government. The Bill of Rights was formed to limit the Federal government's power, and the Tenth Amendment is important in that it further limited the powers of the Federal government to those explicitly listed in the Constitution, and placing the remaining powers in the hands of the States or to the people. It emphases the limited nature of the powers of the national government, while promoting liberty through decentralization by placing more people closer to the people's reach (state governors, mayors).
Court Case: District Of Columbia v. Heller (2008) - DC had laws banning handguns in the actual District and required trigger locks on all firearms, Supreme Court interpreted that guns were to be used for self-defense and evidence shows that the best choice for a gun for self-defense is a handgun. Because of this DC violates the Second Amendment in this sense. The trigger lock prevents the user from using the gun if they are ever in need of it, thus defeating the purpose of a self-defense weapon. The court struck down DC’s laws against handguns and trigger locks.
Review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efKy4J81PTg